Nilavarai Bottomless Well

Nilavarai Bottomless Well Nilavarai Bottomless Well Nilavarai Bottomless Well

The Nilavarai Well is popular attraction in Jaffna lying in Puttur in the Navakkiri GS area of Valikaamam East division. Some times referred to as a bottomless well or Deep Well, this well is caused by collapse of the top layer, exposing a limestone cavern connected to a underground water source. It is said that this well never dries up even during severe drought and the water is used by the farmers in the surrounding area. The dimensions of the well is 25 feet in length and 40 feet in width. As in many large public wells in the area, a flight of steps lead to the water level which is 14 feet below the surface level.

It is said that the 1st 40 feet of water in the well is fresh and turns saline further down. It is believed that this water source is connected to the Keeramali Freshwater Pool and said that a lime fruit thrown to to the well will appear in the Keeramali sea which lies 10km way from this well.

It is also said that the water level of the well falls and rises in synchronization with the low and high tide of the sea. Unfortunately no study of this well has been carried out partly due the 30 year bloody war with with Tamil Tiger Terrorists in this part of the country which ended in 2009. Fortunately a study of this curious well has been done in mind 1800’s and was published in the 1865-66 edition of the Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland.

To ascertain at which depth the fresh water turns in to salt water, samples of water was taken at the depths of 45 feet, 95 feet and 145 feet using a special instrument with a valve and sealed in sealed. These bottles were sent to England for chemical analysis of the content. During the test it was found that the well was definitely not bottomless but reached the bottom at a death of 145-150 feet. It was observed that the samples of water brought from the bottom smelt of strongly of sulphureted hydrogen. It was also observed that the brackishness started between 40-50 feet in depth thus it was certain that the salt water enters the well at this height.

In the next experiment three researchers measured the water levels of the Jaffna Lagoon, Valvettithurai seas and the Nilavarai well every half an hour from 6 am to 6 pm. These measurements indicated that Valvettithurai and Nilavarai sea levels started to fall at 6.30 am and started to rise around 2-2.30 pm. But the water levels at the Nilavarai well fell in parallel with the seas at 6.30 but started to rise at 9.30 am and again fell after 2 pm. This meant that water levels in the well alternated 3 times a day while the tides alternated twice a day. Therefore the connection of the change of the water level in the well to the tides in the sea was disproved left the reason for the thrice daily water level changes in the well unanswered.

Recently (150 years later) an automated diving robot with divers of the Sri Lankan Navy conducted an expedition to the bottom of the well. They discovered that the bottom of the well lies 52.5 meters (172 feet). It was also discovered that fresh water existed in the first 18.3 meters (60 feet) and turned in to salty as it goes down. They also disc

Jaffna ringkonna kohta

Jaffna on Sri Lanka põhjaprovintsi pealinn. 85% Jaffna ja Kilinochchi piirkondade elanikkonnast on hindud. Hindud järgivad šaiviitide traditsiooni. Ülejäänud on suures osas roomakatoliiklased või protestandid, kellest mõned on koloniaalajastu asunike, keda tuntakse buržeritena, järeltulijad. Tamilid on jagunenud kastisüsteemi järgi, kusjuures enamuse moodustavad talunikukastist Vellalarid. Jaffna peamised tooted on mereannid, punane sibul ja tubakas.

Jaffnas asuvad kaunid hindu templid. Vana Hollandi kindlus, mille sees asub vana kirik, on siiani hästi säilinud. Teine näide Hollandi arhitektuurist on Kuninga Maja. Ükski Jaffna külastus pole täielik ilma maitsva Jaffna mangota, mis on tuntud oma magususe poolest. Umbes 3 km kaugusel asub majesteetlik Nallur Kandaswamy tempel, mis on Jaffna suurima religioosse festivali koduks. Kayts Harbour on iidne laevade dokkimiskoht Jaffna piirkonnas.

Põhjaprovintsi kohta

Põhjaprovints on üks Sri Lanka üheksast provintsist. Provintsid on eksisteerinud 19. sajandist, kuid neil ei olnud juriidilist staatust enne 1987. aastat, mil Sri Lanka 1978. aasta põhiseaduse 13. muudatusega loodi provintsinõukogud. Aastatel 1988–2006 liideti provints ajutiselt Idaprovintsiga, moodustades Kirdeprovintsi. Provintsi pealinn on Jaffna.

Põhjaprovints asub Sri Lanka põhjaosas ja on Indiast vaid 35 km kaugusel. Provintsi ümbritsevad läänes Mannari laht ja Palki laht, põhjas Palki väin, idas Bengali laht ning lõunas Ida-, Põhja-Kesk- ja Loodeprovints. Provintsis on mitu laguuni, millest suurimad on Jaffna laguun, Nanthi Kadal, Chundikkulami laguun, Vadamarachchi laguun, Uppu Aru laguun, Kokkilai laguun, Nai Aru laguun ja Chalai laguun. Enamik Sri Lanka ümbritsevaid saari asub Põhjaprovintsist läänes. Suurimad saared on: Kayts, Neduntivu, Karaitivu, Pungudutivu ja Mandativu.

Põhjaprovintsi rahvaarv oli 2007. aastal 1 311 776. Enamik elanikkonnast on Sri Lanka tamilid, vähemuses on Sri Lanka maurid ja singalid. Sri Lanka tamili keel on provintsi peamine keel, mida räägib valdav enamus elanikkonnast. Teine keel on singali keel, mida räägib 1 protsent elanikkonnast. Inglise keelt räägitakse ja mõistetakse laialdaselt linnades.

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