Mullaitivu City

Mullaitivu Mullaitivu Mullaitivu

Mullaitivu is the main town of Mullaitivu District, situated on the north-eastern coast of Northern Province, Sri Lanka. A largely fishing settlement, the town in the early twentieth century grew as an anchoring harbour of the small sailing vessels transporting goods between Colombo and Jaffna. The town has a District Secretary's office, many other government institutions and schools located in and around the area.

During the Kandyan Wars, the British government house in Mullaitivu was attacked by forces of Pandara Vanniyan and Dissava of Nuwara Kalawiya and lay siege to the fort. Captain Drieberg with his force of Malays escaped from the fort in boats and reached Jaffna. During the Sri Lankan Civil War, Mullaitivu became an isolated base for the Sri Lankan armed forces. In a pitched battle the LTTE succeeded in over running the base in 1996. Following this the Sri Lankan armed forces withdrew from Mullaitivu which allowed the LTTE to gain control of the area. It was damaged by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami with a large loss of life. The Sri Lankan Army took control of the town on January 25, 2009, in the Battle of Mullaitivu in its offensive against the LTTE. Security Forces Headquarters – Mullaitivu was established on June 5, 2009 in the town.

About Mullaitive District

Mullaitivu District is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the town of Mullaitivu.

Parts of present-day Mullaitivu District was part of the pre-colonial Jaffna kingdom. The district then came under Portuguese, Dutch and British control. In 1815 the British gained control of the entire island of Ceylon. They divided the island into three ethnic based administrative structures: Low Country Sinhalese, Kandyan Sinhalese and Tamil. The district, which was then part of Vanni District, was part of the Tamil administration. In 1833, in accordance with the recommendations of the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission, the ethnic based administrative structures were unified into a single administration divided into five geographic provinces. Vanni District, together with Jaffna District and Mannar District, formed the new Northern Province.

Jaffna ringkonna kohta

Jaffna on Sri Lanka põhjaprovintsi pealinn. 85% Jaffna ja Kilinochchi piirkondade elanikkonnast on hindud. Hindud järgivad šaiviitide traditsiooni. Ülejäänud on suures osas roomakatoliiklased või protestandid, kellest mõned on koloniaalajastu asunike, keda tuntakse buržeritena, järeltulijad. Tamilid on jagunenud kastisüsteemi järgi, kusjuures enamuse moodustavad talunikukastist Vellalarid. Jaffna peamised tooted on mereannid, punane sibul ja tubakas.

Jaffnas asuvad kaunid hindu templid. Vana Hollandi kindlus, mille sees asub vana kirik, on siiani hästi säilinud. Teine näide Hollandi arhitektuurist on Kuninga Maja. Ükski Jaffna külastus pole täielik ilma maitsva Jaffna mangota, mis on tuntud oma magususe poolest. Umbes 3 km kaugusel asub majesteetlik Nallur Kandaswamy tempel, mis on Jaffna suurima religioosse festivali koduks. Kayts Harbour on iidne laevade dokkimiskoht Jaffna piirkonnas.

Põhjaprovintsi kohta

Põhjaprovints on üks Sri Lanka üheksast provintsist. Provintsid on eksisteerinud 19. sajandist, kuid neil ei olnud juriidilist staatust enne 1987. aastat, mil Sri Lanka 1978. aasta põhiseaduse 13. muudatusega loodi provintsinõukogud. Aastatel 1988–2006 liideti provints ajutiselt Idaprovintsiga, moodustades Kirdeprovintsi. Provintsi pealinn on Jaffna.

Põhjaprovints asub Sri Lanka põhjaosas ja on Indiast vaid 35 km kaugusel. Provintsi ümbritsevad läänes Mannari laht ja Palki laht, põhjas Palki väin, idas Bengali laht ning lõunas Ida-, Põhja-Kesk- ja Loodeprovints. Provintsis on mitu laguuni, millest suurimad on Jaffna laguun, Nanthi Kadal, Chundikkulami laguun, Vadamarachchi laguun, Uppu Aru laguun, Kokkilai laguun, Nai Aru laguun ja Chalai laguun. Enamik Sri Lanka ümbritsevaid saari asub Põhjaprovintsist läänes. Suurimad saared on: Kayts, Neduntivu, Karaitivu, Pungudutivu ja Mandativu.

Põhjaprovintsi rahvaarv oli 2007. aastal 1 311 776. Enamik elanikkonnast on Sri Lanka tamilid, vähemuses on Sri Lanka maurid ja singalid. Sri Lanka tamili keel on provintsi peamine keel, mida räägib valdav enamus elanikkonnast. Teine keel on singali keel, mida räägib 1 protsent elanikkonnast. Inglise keelt räägitakse ja mõistetakse laialdaselt linnades.

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